by Regulations for Use
There are strict regulations that companies must follow when using chemical drums for storage and transportation of hazardous materials. They are classified as containers that hold between 10 gallons to 110 gallons of liquid or dry chemical contents. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and Department of Transportation (DOT) require all it be properly labeled with contents, hazards, and handling instructions. Drums must also meet testing standards to ensure they do not leak during storage or transit.
Design and Material Selection
The design and materials used in chemical drums are important factors that assure safety. Steel is the most common material as it is thick and durable to safely hold compressed gases and liquids over long periods. Steel drums can withstand impacts and pressure changes during transport. Plastic drums are also used for less hazardous substances and have advantage of being lightweight. No matter the material, regulators ensure drumheads are securely attached and have safety caps or valves to prevent accidental spills. Drums used near heat sources have temperature limit labels.
Proper Filling and Closure of Drums
When filling Chemical Drums, facilities must strictly follow handling procedures outlined by the manufacturer. Overfilling or packing drums too tightly can cause bulging or bursting under pressure. Solids are typically filled to 80-90% capacity with headspace left for expansion. Liquids are filled carefully using funnels, pumps or siphons to specified fill lines. Drum bungs, caps or valves are tightened securely once filled and tested for leaks before moving. Self-tapping screws that puncture the drumhead are prohibited to prevent leaks.
Drum Labeling and Placarding Requirements
Clear labeling is crucial with chemical drums to identify contents and provide hazard warnings. Basic labels include the chemical or product name, hazards like flammability, target organ effects, and required precautions. Labels remain affixed on the drum and are not obscured or removed. Facilities also placard and manifest entire shipments on transportation vehicles and documents. Placards display specific warning signs based on hazard classes to alert emergency responders of potential dangers. Drums shipped by road, sea or air carriers require International Maritime Dangerous Goods code labels and numbers.
Proper Handling and Storage of Drums
Given the risks, chemical drums require cautious manual handling and secured storage. Drums are routinely inspected for defects, corrosion or leaks and repaired or discarded if unsafe. Workers receive drum handling training including use of drum carts, carriers and lifters to safely move full containers. Flammables are stored separately from oxidizers and acids. Incompatible chemicals are properly segregated with spill containment. Indoor storage areas are well ventilated, equipped with sprinklers and kept at proper temperatures if temperature sensitive. Drums are also securely stacked by weight and consistently managed on a first-in, first-out basis.
Precautions for Drum Transport
When transporting chemical drums, facilities observe packaging instructions based on the hazard class and quantities. Smaller shipments by road require drums be securely cradled or blocked during transit to prevent shifting. Larger regulated shipments require overpack drums and vehicles be properly equipped, placarded and accompanied by shipping papers. Bulk shipments by rail, sea or air require UN certified large volume containers and vehicles meeting stringent safety requirements. Temperature controls, load securement, and segregation from food/passenger areas are maintained. Emergency response information provided ensures swift clean up of spills or leaks en route.
Decontamination and Disposal of Empty Drums
Once fully emptied, it undergo mandatory decontamination before disposal. Drums are triple rinsed, drained and aerated if necessary to remove any residue from the interior and bung or valve areas. Facilities properly document decontamination through internal inspections and external third party audits. Completely decontaminated “empty” drums can be recycled as scrap metal or reconditioned for reuse depending on material and past contents. Those not suitable for recycling undergo approved disposal as hazardous or non-hazardous waste depending on residual contamination levels and regulations. Proper drum disposal ensures worker safety and prevents environmental pollution.
chemical drums continue serving important industrial and manufacturing functions when handled according to strict safety guidelines. Through regulation, testing, labeling and worker training – facilities can minimize risks and ensure drums are properly used, stored, transported and ultimately disposed of or recycled after use to protect people and the environment. Adhering to drum management best practices is crucial for maintaining regulatory compliance.
*Note:
1. Source: Coherent Market Insights, Public sources, Desk research
2. We have leveraged AI tools to mine information and compile it
About Author - Priya Pandey
Priya Pandey is a dynamic and passionate editor with over three years of expertise in content editing and proofreading. Holding a bachelor's degree in biotechnology, Priya has a knack for making the content engaging. Her diverse portfolio includes editing documents across different industries, including food and beverages, information and technology, healthcare, chemical and materials, etc. Priya's meticulous attention to detail and commitment to excellence make her an invaluable asset in the world of content creation and refinement. LinkedIn Profile
